Negative pressure pulmonary hemorrhage (NPPH) is an uncommon complication of upper airway obstruction. Severe negative intrathoracic pressure after upper airway obstruction can increase pulmonary capillary mural pressure, which results in mechanical stress on the pulmonary capillaries, causing NPPH. We report a case of acute NPPH caused by laryngospasm in a 25-year-old man during the postoperative period. Causative factors of NPPH include negative pulmonary pressure, allergic rhinitis, smoking, inhaled anesthetics, and positive airway pressure due to coughing. The patient’s symptoms resolved rapidly, within 24 hours, with supportive care.
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Laryngospasm Causing Recurrent Negative Pressure Alveolar Hemorrhage Resembling Acute Exacerbation of Interstitial Lung Disease: A Case Report Haruna Yamaki, Masaru Ejima, Nozomi Sato, Kei Aoyagi, Tatsushi Kozawa, Seishi Higashi, Koji Takayama, Satoko Hanada, Reiko Taki Respiratory Endoscopy.2023; 1(2): 95. CrossRef
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Negative-pressure-related diffuse alveolar hemorrhage after monitored anesthesia care for vertebroplasty: a case report Yumin Jo, Jagyung Hwang, Jieun Lee, Hansol Kang, Boohwi Hong Journal of Medical Case Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
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A 81-year-old man was referred for respiratory failure by emergency medical technicians. He admitted at intensive care unit for ventilator treatment. Several hours before admission, he took sildenafil 100 mg for erectile dysfunction without prescription. The episodes of hemoptysis occurred several hours later. Computed tomography revealed multifocal diffuse ground-glass attenuation in both lungs.
And the more we performed bronchoalveolar lavage, the more the color of it was turned into red. We treated him with empirical antibiotics and tranexamic acid, and hemoptysis was stopped in one day after admission. But in the 5th admission day, he died from sepsis combined with pneumonia caused by Acinetobacter baumannii abruptly.
A 73-year-old man was scheduled for the surgical reduction of fractured femur which occurred ar 3 months ago by the accident. The mental status of the patient was stuporous (Glasgow coma scale: 5) due to the complication of the head trauma. We performed nerve blocks (femoral, sciatic, lateral femoral cutaneous, and illiohypogastric nerve blocks) for the surgical reduction of left femur with 55 ml of 0.25% ropivacaine. The electroencephalography was monitored continuously during the 4 hour operation as well as monitoring the hemodynamic and respiratory parameters. The operation was performed successfully and the patient recovered uneventfully.